GPS interference over Estonian airspace is alleged by some officials to be a Russian hybrid attack, but concrete evidence is lacking and officials urge caution.

On April 29, 2024, Estonian Foreign Minister Margus Tsahkna publicly accused Russia of conducting a hybrid attack by jamming GPS signals over Estonian airspace, which affected aviation safety including the return of Finnair flights from Helsinki to Tartu. Tsahkna described the GPS disruptions as hostile actions threatening Estonia's security. European Parliament member Urmas Paet also labeled the incidents as elements of Russia's hybrid warfare targeting the West. However, Raimond Kaljulaid, member of the Estonian parliament's defense committee, stated there is currently no classified information indicating intentional Russian aggression specifically targeting Estonia. He suggested the GPS jamming likely originates from Russian military protection measures spilling over Estonian territory, impacting local air traffic. Kaljulaid requested tangible evidence behind Tsahkna's claims to avoid politicization ahead of European elections, warning about negative effects on tourism and economic sectors if the situation is overdramatized. The issue has been discussed at the European level for months but has not warranted airspace closure or flight restrictions in Estonia so far. The event underscores ongoing hybrid threats involving electronic warfare affecting Baltic security infrastructure.