Russia has been testing and deploying INF-range missiles including 9M279 cruise missiles and 9M720 short-range ballistic missiles exceeding INF Treaty limits since at least 2008.

Since at least 2008, Russia has been actively testing and deploying INF-range missiles, including the 9M279 cruise missiles stationed in Kaliningrad and elsewhere. Despite Russian propaganda claims, there is no INF Treaty moratorium in effect. Additionally, the 9M720 short-range ballistic missile, particularly when equipped with a nuclear warhead, exceeds the 500 km range limit imposed by the INF Treaty. These activities demonstrate ongoing Russian violations and deployments of missiles prohibited under the INF Treaty framework.