Russian border guards have started requiring Russian-Estonian dual citizens to confirm in writing their support for Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine when crossing the border in 2024.

On or before February 23, 2024, Russian border guards began a practice of questioning Russian-Estonian dual citizens crossing the border to the Russian side, asking them to submit a written confirmation of their support for Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine. This practice reportedly targets ethnic Estonians with Russian citizenship who hold dual nationality. The Estonian Internal Security Service (ISS) has monitored this development and warns it is an example of Russia pressuring and manipulating citizens with dual nationality to align politically with Kremlin policies. The ISS views this as a political subversion tactic aiming to demonstrate loyalty to Russia’s military aggression and create divisions within populations with dual citizenship. The move has raised concerns within Estonia about coercion and the political instrumentalization of dual citizens at border points. Officials have not detailed punitive measures in case of non-compliance, but the demand itself indicates increasing surveillance and pressure on dual nationals by Russian authorities.