The article discusses the role and significance of volunteer defence organisations in the Baltic States—Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania—in enhancing military personnel capacity and societal resilience against Russian military threats. These organisations, including the Estonian Defence League (EDL), Latvian National Guard (LNG), and Lithuanian Riflemen’s Union (LRU), have historical roots dating back to the early 20th century and have been re-established post-Soviet occupation. Their primary roles encompass territorial defence, support in domestic crisis response, and fostering societal involvement in military and comprehensive defence preparation. Membership numbers have increased notably following Russia’s actions in Ukraine, with expansion targets aiming at significantly larger forces by 2035. The organisations have adapted their roles to meet modern needs, including participation in cyber defence, electronic warfare, and uncrewed systems operations. Despite challenges such as resource shortages and training infrastructure, these organisations are increasingly integrated with the regular armed forces and serve as a cost-effective reserve force to strengthen Baltic defence capabilities in the face of Russian aggression.

The article discusses the role and significance of volunteer defence organisations in the Baltic States—Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania—in enhancing military personnel capacity and societal resilience against Russian military threats. These organisations, including the Estonian Defence League (EDL), Latvian National Guard (LNG), and Lithuanian Riflemen’s Union (LRU), have historical roots dating back to the early 20th century and have been re-established post-Soviet occupation. Their primary roles encompass territorial defence, support in domestic crisis response, and fostering societal involvement in military and comprehensive defence preparation. Membership numbers have increased notably following Russia’s actions in Ukraine, with expansion targets aiming at significantly larger forces by 2035. The organisations have adapted their roles to meet modern needs, including participation in cyber defence, electronic warfare, and uncrewed systems operations. Despite challenges such as resource shortages and training infrastructure, these organisations are increasingly integrated with the regular armed forces and serve as a cost-effective reserve force to strengthen Baltic defence capabilities in the face of Russian aggression.