A paper presented by Dr. Jānis Bērziņš at the National Defence Academy of Latvia discusses the implications of cognitive warfare, emphasizing the significance of understanding how adversaries manipulate cognitive processes through information and psychological operations. The findings stress that while NATO and Western countries are developing their strategies to counter these threats, Russian military literature outlines distinct concepts such as Reflexive Control and Mental Warfare, suggesting a comprehensive approach to exert influence over the cognitive landscape of adversaries.

A paper presented by Dr. Jānis Bērziņš at the National Defence Academy of Latvia discusses the implications of cognitive warfare, emphasizing the significance of understanding how adversaries manipulate cognitive processes through information and psychological operations. The findings stress that while NATO and Western countries are developing their strategies to counter these threats, Russian military literature outlines distinct concepts such as Reflexive Control and Mental Warfare, suggesting a comprehensive approach to exert influence over the cognitive landscape of adversaries.