As of November 2025, Russia continues to operate a widespread hybrid warfare network throughout Europe that includes proxy forces, militias, and mercenaries akin to Wagner Group activities. This network conducts disinformation campaigns, sabotage, and unconventional paramilitary activities designed to destabilize European states and influence public perceptions. The development and effectuation of these hybrid tactics have intensified since 2022, coinciding with Russia’s broader strategic objectives in the region. Officials and experts warn that such covert operations comprise a continuous and serious threat to European security, requiring coordinated countermeasures. The analysis is supported by interviews with experts and military officials, underscoring the evolving nature of hybrid threats, including the increasing use of drones and technological means for surveillance and intimidation.

As of November 2025, Russia continues to operate a widespread hybrid warfare network throughout Europe that includes proxy forces, militias, and mercenaries akin to Wagner Group activities. This network conducts disinformation campaigns, sabotage, and unconventional paramilitary activities designed to destabilize European states and influence public perceptions. The development and effectuation of these hybrid tactics have intensified since 2022, coinciding with Russia’s broader strategic objectives in the region. Officials and experts warn that such covert operations comprise a continuous and serious threat to European security, requiring coordinated countermeasures. The analysis is supported by interviews with experts and military officials, underscoring the evolving nature of hybrid threats, including the increasing use of drones and technological means for surveillance and intimidation.