Estonian Defence Forces warn Russia could restore combat readiness by next year, urging increased national readiness and integration of Ukrainian war lessons.

The Estonian Defence Forces (EDF) have issued a warning that Russia might restore its combat readiness as early as 2027 despite significant losses in Ukraine, according to the EDF annual report. Commander Andrus Merilo emphasized the need for Estonia to increase its own readiness through improved training and modernization of military equipment. Concerns include the temporary delay in HIMARS rocket ammunition supplies, for which alternatives are actively being sought, potentially including cruise missiles. Defence Minister Hanno Pevkur noted ongoing negotiations with Lockheed Martin and US authorities to secure replacement capabilities. The EDF plans to integrate lessons learned from the Ukraine war, focusing on cost-effective, lethal technologies including unmanned systems, and improving comprehensive border and airspace security through advanced technological integration. The 2025 security context also includes handling Russian covert fleet encroachments and stray Ukrainian drones near Estonia. The EDF leadership affirmed NATO's continued strength and operational capability in countering these hybrid threats.