{
  "id": "b7d20fe5-8254-47ac-b2b0-3defeacba252",
  "url": "https://correctiv.org/faktencheck/hintergrund/2023/06/23/russland-desinformation-kampagne-auf-facebook-gegen-ukraine-selenskyj-und-fuer-afd-politiker",
  "source": "extension",
  "status": "approved",
  "category": "Cyber & Information Warfare",
  "subcategory": "Information Operations",
  "incident_type": "Propaganda & disinformation campaigns",
  "country": "Unknown",
  "source_reliability": "B",
  "info_credibility": "3",
  "tags": [
    "disinformation",
    "pro-Russian propaganda",
    "Facebook",
    "russia–ukraine war",
    "AfD",
    "fake news",
    "information operations",
    "Russian hybrid warfare",
    "Meta takedown",
    "fake government websites"
  ],
  "nodes": [
    "Node 2: 5th Column"
  ],
  "countries": [],
  "where_text": "Cyberspace",
  "headline": "Pro-Russian Disinformation Campaign Continues Active on Facebook Targeting Ukraine, Zelenskyy, and AfD Politicians",
  "description": "Since mid-February 2023, a pro-Russian disinformation campaign has been actively spreading on Facebook, employing fake government websites, propaganda videos, and paid advertisements. The campaign promotes anti-Ukraine content, including a Southpark-style cartoon series 'Ukraine Inc' depicting Zelenskyy as a drug-addicted dictator, and targets Germany specifically by fabricating German government sites with false claims about Ukrainian refugees. The campaign also promotes German AfD politicians like Harald Weyel and Ulrich Oehme through these networks. Meta has taken down some URLs and accounts but the campaign adapts by using new URLs and fake Facebook pages, remaining active as of June 2023. Technical investigations trace the campaign’s infrastructure and origins to Russia, supported by Russian IT and marketing firms with links to the Russian government. The campaign extends internationally, using local languages and platforms to spread disinformation and foment distrust against Western support for Ukraine.",
  "summary_short": "A persistent pro-Russian disinformation campaign active on Facebook as of mid-2023 spreads fake German government sites, anti-Ukraine propaganda, and promotes AfD politicians, with infrastructure traced to Russia.",
  "summary_extended": "Research by CORRECTIV.Faktencheck reveals an ongoing pro-Russian disinformation campaign that has surged since February 2023 on Facebook, disseminating hundreds of paid ads and newly created pages with vague names. The campaign fakes official German government websites, falsely portraying a program to distribute Ukrainian refugees into German homes as a solution to migration 'problems.' It also circulates a Southpark-style satirical cartoon series 'Ukraine Inc' translated into multiple languages, depicting Zelenskyy and Ukraine negatively with antisemitic and conspiratorial narratives. German AfD politicians Harald Weyel and Ulrich Oehme benefit indirectly as the campaign promotes their initiatives without their confirmed knowledge. Despite Meta's efforts to block URLs and down fake pages, the campaign adapts by employing redirect links and continuously opening new pages. Investigations link the campaign infrastructure to two Russian firms connected to the Kremlin, with French authorities confirming server hosting in Russia. The disinformation extends beyond Germany to France, Nigeria, Syria, Hungary, and is spread on platforms like Twitter and Telegram. The campaign fuels narratives aimed at discrediting Western support for Ukraine and destabilizing public opinion in targeted countries.",
  "actor_primary": "Structura National Technologies",
  "target_primary": null,
  "location_text": "Facebook platform targeting Germany",
  "location_region": "Cyberspace",
  "location_coordinates_lat": null,
  "location_coordinates_lon": null,
  "location_precision": "Unknown",
  "is_aggressor_signal": true,
  "signal_type": "HYBRID_SIGNAL",
  "is_hybrid_war_signal": true,
  "classification_complete": true,
  "hybrid_signal_complete": true,
  "classification_confidence": "High",
  "classification_rationale": "Article provides detailed, explicit evidence of an active, aggressive pro-Russian disinformation campaign on Facebook targeting German and international audiences, with known Russian-linked actors and infrastructure, making it a clear example of aggressive hybrid warfare using information operations.",
  "event_time_utc": "2023-02-15T00:00:00.000Z",
  "end_time_utc": null,
  "event_time_confidence": "pm24h",
  "created_at": "2026-04-28T14:01:00.573Z",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T08:35:32.139Z",
  "reliability_band": "strong",
  "location_precision_band": "unknown",
  "time_precision_band": "within_24h",
  "severity_band": "moderate",
  "attribution_confidence_band": "high",
  "attribution_basis": "single_source"
}

{
  "id": "b7d20fe5-8254-47ac-b2b0-3defeacba252",
  "url": "https://correctiv.org/faktencheck/hintergrund/2023/06/23/russland-desinformation-kampagne-auf-facebook-gegen-ukraine-selenskyj-und-fuer-afd-politiker",
  "source": "extension",
  "status": "approved",
  "category": "Cyber & Information Warfare",
  "subcategory": "Information Operations",
  "incident_type": "Propaganda & disinformation campaigns",
  "country": "Unknown",
  "source_reliability": "B",
  "info_credibility": "3",
  "tags": [
    "disinformation",
    "pro-Russian propaganda",
    "Facebook",
    "russia–ukraine war",
    "AfD",
    "fake news",
    "information operations",
    "Russian hybrid warfare",
    "Meta takedown",
    "fake government websites"
  ],
  "nodes": [
    "Node 2: 5th Column"
  ],
  "countries": [],
  "where_text": "Cyberspace",
  "headline": "Pro-Russian Disinformation Campaign Continues Active on Facebook Targeting Ukraine, Zelenskyy, and AfD Politicians",
  "description": "Since mid-February 2023, a pro-Russian disinformation campaign has been actively spreading on Facebook, employing fake government websites, propaganda videos, and paid advertisements. The campaign promotes anti-Ukraine content, including a Southpark-style cartoon series 'Ukraine Inc' depicting Zelenskyy as a drug-addicted dictator, and targets Germany specifically by fabricating German government sites with false claims about Ukrainian refugees. The campaign also promotes German AfD politicians like Harald Weyel and Ulrich Oehme through these networks. Meta has taken down some URLs and accounts but the campaign adapts by using new URLs and fake Facebook pages, remaining active as of June 2023. Technical investigations trace the campaign’s infrastructure and origins to Russia, supported by Russian IT and marketing firms with links to the Russian government. The campaign extends internationally, using local languages and platforms to spread disinformation and foment distrust against Western support for Ukraine.",
  "summary_short": "A persistent pro-Russian disinformation campaign active on Facebook as of mid-2023 spreads fake German government sites, anti-Ukraine propaganda, and promotes AfD politicians, with infrastructure traced to Russia.",
  "summary_extended": "Research by CORRECTIV.Faktencheck reveals an ongoing pro-Russian disinformation campaign that has surged since February 2023 on Facebook, disseminating hundreds of paid ads and newly created pages with vague names. The campaign fakes official German government websites, falsely portraying a program to distribute Ukrainian refugees into German homes as a solution to migration 'problems.' It also circulates a Southpark-style satirical cartoon series 'Ukraine Inc' translated into multiple languages, depicting Zelenskyy and Ukraine negatively with antisemitic and conspiratorial narratives. German AfD politicians Harald Weyel and Ulrich Oehme benefit indirectly as the campaign promotes their initiatives without their confirmed knowledge. Despite Meta's efforts to block URLs and down fake pages, the campaign adapts by employing redirect links and continuously opening new pages. Investigations link the campaign infrastructure to two Russian firms connected to the Kremlin, with French authorities confirming server hosting in Russia. The disinformation extends beyond Germany to France, Nigeria, Syria, Hungary, and is spread on platforms like Twitter and Telegram. The campaign fuels narratives aimed at discrediting Western support for Ukraine and destabilizing public opinion in targeted countries.",
  "actor_primary": "Structura National Technologies",
  "target_primary": null,
  "location_text": "Facebook platform targeting Germany",
  "location_region": "Cyberspace",
  "location_coordinates_lat": null,
  "location_coordinates_lon": null,
  "location_precision": "Unknown",
  "is_aggressor_signal": true,
  "signal_type": "HYBRID_SIGNAL",
  "is_hybrid_war_signal": true,
  "classification_complete": true,
  "hybrid_signal_complete": true,
  "classification_confidence": "High",
  "classification_rationale": "Article provides detailed, explicit evidence of an active, aggressive pro-Russian disinformation campaign on Facebook targeting German and international audiences, with known Russian-linked actors and infrastructure, making it a clear example of aggressive hybrid warfare using information operations.",
  "event_time_utc": "2023-02-15T00:00:00.000Z",
  "end_time_utc": null,
  "event_time_confidence": "pm24h",
  "created_at": "2026-04-28T14:01:00.573Z",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T08:35:32.139Z",
  "reliability_band": "strong",
  "location_precision_band": "unknown",
  "time_precision_band": "within_24h",
  "severity_band": "moderate",
  "attribution_confidence_band": "high",
  "attribution_basis": "single_source"
}