This dissertation examines the evolution of Russian hybrid warfare, particularly post-2014, focusing on its impact on Estonia and the Netherlands. The analysis highlights similarities and differences in Russian operations within these states, emphasizing the critical understanding of hybrid warfare for the defense of democratic societies in the West.

This dissertation examines the evolution of Russian hybrid warfare, particularly post-2014, focusing on its impact on Estonia and the Netherlands. The analysis highlights similarities and differences in Russian operations within these states, emphasizing the critical understanding of hybrid warfare for the defense of democratic societies in the West.