Over the past three years, Russia has conducted an increasingly brazen campaign of sabotage and subversion targeting European allies of Ukraine. In 2024, Moscow significantly escalated tactics by turning to assassination attempts, attacks on water facilities, and targeting civil aviation. In early January 2025, Russian sabotage in the Baltic Sea was reported as part of military operations aimed at provoking NATO and expanding Russian control. Events such as cutting undersea cables have drawn media attention, but no comprehensive assessment of the full scope of Russia's covert actions against Europe has been made. This activity signals a troubling new phase in the Kremlin’s tactics threatening European lives, underscoring the urgent need for a concerted and assertive European response.

Over the past three years, Russia has conducted an increasingly brazen campaign of sabotage and subversion targeting European allies of Ukraine. In 2024, Moscow significantly escalated tactics by turning to assassination attempts, attacks on water facilities, and targeting civil aviation. In early January 2025, Russian sabotage in the Baltic Sea was reported as part of military operations aimed at provoking NATO and expanding Russian control. Events such as cutting undersea cables have drawn media attention, but no comprehensive assessment of the full scope of Russia's covert actions against Europe has been made. This activity signals a troubling new phase in the Kremlin’s tactics threatening European lives, underscoring the urgent need for a concerted and assertive European response.