On July 31, 2024, Russia conducted extensive drone and missile attacks on Ukraine; Ukrainian air defenses intercepted all drones. Ukraine retaliated with strikes on Russian military assets and ongoing cyberattacks targeting Russian financial and government sectors.

On July 31, 2024, Russia launched multiple waves of drone attacks against Ukraine, targeting various regions including Kyiv and Mykolaiv. Ukrainian air defenses successfully intercepted all 89 drones and one Kh-59 missile during the night. Russia claimed to have shot down 19 aircraft-type UAVs over Russian regions Belgorod, Bryansk, Kaluga, Kursk, Rostov, and occupied Crimea. Kyiv experienced debris damage to 13 houses but no injuries or critical infrastructure damage. Ukraine also reported an air attack hitting a Russian warehouse with weapons and military equipment in the Kursk region, and a helicopter (Mi-8) was downed over Donetsk. Ukrainian forces conducted cyberattacks described as 'carpet bombing' on Russia's financial sector affecting banks, mobile operators, social networks, internet providers, and government agencies. Separately, Russia detained Ukrainian citizen Serhiy Karmazin for 25 years, accusing him of sabotage in the Moscow region. Explosions and missile interceptions were reported in Dnipro and Zaporizhzhia. Ukraine confirmed strikes on the Khalino airbase near Kursk with missiles hitting hangars. Reconnaissance drones were operating over Kharkiv and one was downed earlier in Dnipropetrovsk. Russia suffered loss of over 1,000 personnel in July. There were reports of shelling in occupied Donetsk regions, with casualties claimed by Russia. Ukraine's prime minister resisted lifting oil sanctions on Russia. The ongoing conflict also involves propaganda and prisoner shuffles between Russia, Belarus, the US, and Germany.